Modify StoreKeyFetcher to read from server_keys_json. (#15417)
Before this change: * `PerspectivesKeyFetcher` and `ServerKeyFetcher` write to `server_keys_json`. * `PerspectivesKeyFetcher` also writes to `server_signature_keys`. * `StoreKeyFetcher` reads from `server_signature_keys`. After this change: * `PerspectivesKeyFetcher` and `ServerKeyFetcher` write to `server_keys_json`. * `PerspectivesKeyFetcher` also writes to `server_signature_keys`. * `StoreKeyFetcher` reads from `server_keys_json`. This results in `StoreKeyFetcher` now using the results from `ServerKeyFetcher` in addition to those from `PerspectivesKeyFetcher`, i.e. keys which are directly fetched from a server will now be pulled from the database instead of refetched. An additional minor change is included to avoid creating a `PerspectivesKeyFetcher` (and checking it) if no `trusted_key_servers` are configured. The overall impact of this should be better usage of cached results: * If a server has no trusted key servers configured then it should reduce how often keys are fetched. * if a server's trusted key server does not have a requested server's keys cached then it should reduce how often keys are directly fetched.
This commit is contained in:
parent
ae69d69525
commit
5e024a0645
|
@ -0,0 +1 @@
|
|||
Fix a long-standing bug where cached key results which were directly fetched would not be properly re-used.
|
|
@ -150,18 +150,19 @@ class Keyring:
|
|||
def __init__(
|
||||
self, hs: "HomeServer", key_fetchers: "Optional[Iterable[KeyFetcher]]" = None
|
||||
):
|
||||
self.clock = hs.get_clock()
|
||||
|
||||
if key_fetchers is None:
|
||||
key_fetchers = (
|
||||
# Fetch keys from the database.
|
||||
StoreKeyFetcher(hs),
|
||||
# Fetch keys from a configured Perspectives server.
|
||||
PerspectivesKeyFetcher(hs),
|
||||
# Fetch keys from the origin server directly.
|
||||
ServerKeyFetcher(hs),
|
||||
)
|
||||
self._key_fetchers = key_fetchers
|
||||
# Always fetch keys from the database.
|
||||
mutable_key_fetchers: List[KeyFetcher] = [StoreKeyFetcher(hs)]
|
||||
# Fetch keys from configured trusted key servers, if any exist.
|
||||
key_servers = hs.config.key.key_servers
|
||||
if key_servers:
|
||||
mutable_key_fetchers.append(PerspectivesKeyFetcher(hs))
|
||||
# Finally, fetch keys from the origin server directly.
|
||||
mutable_key_fetchers.append(ServerKeyFetcher(hs))
|
||||
|
||||
self._key_fetchers: Iterable[KeyFetcher] = tuple(mutable_key_fetchers)
|
||||
else:
|
||||
self._key_fetchers = key_fetchers
|
||||
|
||||
self._fetch_keys_queue: BatchingQueue[
|
||||
_FetchKeyRequest, Dict[str, Dict[str, FetchKeyResult]]
|
||||
|
@ -510,7 +511,7 @@ class StoreKeyFetcher(KeyFetcher):
|
|||
for key_id in queue_value.key_ids
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
res = await self.store.get_server_verify_keys(key_ids_to_fetch)
|
||||
res = await self.store.get_server_keys_json(key_ids_to_fetch)
|
||||
keys: Dict[str, Dict[str, FetchKeyResult]] = {}
|
||||
for (server_name, key_id), key in res.items():
|
||||
keys.setdefault(server_name, {})[key_id] = key
|
||||
|
@ -522,7 +523,6 @@ class BaseV2KeyFetcher(KeyFetcher):
|
|||
super().__init__(hs)
|
||||
|
||||
self.store = hs.get_datastores().main
|
||||
self.config = hs.config
|
||||
|
||||
async def process_v2_response(
|
||||
self, from_server: str, response_json: JsonDict, time_added_ms: int
|
||||
|
@ -626,7 +626,7 @@ class PerspectivesKeyFetcher(BaseV2KeyFetcher):
|
|||
super().__init__(hs)
|
||||
self.clock = hs.get_clock()
|
||||
self.client = hs.get_federation_http_client()
|
||||
self.key_servers = self.config.key.key_servers
|
||||
self.key_servers = hs.config.key.key_servers
|
||||
|
||||
async def _fetch_keys(
|
||||
self, keys_to_fetch: List[_FetchKeyRequest]
|
||||
|
@ -775,7 +775,7 @@ class PerspectivesKeyFetcher(BaseV2KeyFetcher):
|
|||
|
||||
keys.setdefault(server_name, {}).update(processed_response)
|
||||
|
||||
await self.store.store_server_verify_keys(
|
||||
await self.store.store_server_signature_keys(
|
||||
perspective_name, time_now_ms, added_keys
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ class RemoteKey(RestServlet):
|
|||
for key_id in key_ids:
|
||||
store_queries.append((server_name, key_id, None))
|
||||
|
||||
cached = await self.store.get_server_keys_json(store_queries)
|
||||
cached = await self.store.get_server_keys_json_for_remote(store_queries)
|
||||
|
||||
json_results: Set[bytes] = set()
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -14,10 +14,12 @@
|
|||
# limitations under the License.
|
||||
|
||||
import itertools
|
||||
import json
|
||||
import logging
|
||||
from typing import Any, Dict, Iterable, List, Mapping, Optional, Tuple
|
||||
|
||||
from signedjson.key import decode_verify_key_bytes
|
||||
from unpaddedbase64 import decode_base64
|
||||
|
||||
from synapse.storage._base import SQLBaseStore
|
||||
from synapse.storage.database import LoggingTransaction
|
||||
|
@ -36,15 +38,16 @@ class KeyStore(SQLBaseStore):
|
|||
"""Persistence for signature verification keys"""
|
||||
|
||||
@cached()
|
||||
def _get_server_verify_key(
|
||||
def _get_server_signature_key(
|
||||
self, server_name_and_key_id: Tuple[str, str]
|
||||
) -> FetchKeyResult:
|
||||
raise NotImplementedError()
|
||||
|
||||
@cachedList(
|
||||
cached_method_name="_get_server_verify_key", list_name="server_name_and_key_ids"
|
||||
cached_method_name="_get_server_signature_key",
|
||||
list_name="server_name_and_key_ids",
|
||||
)
|
||||
async def get_server_verify_keys(
|
||||
async def get_server_signature_keys(
|
||||
self, server_name_and_key_ids: Iterable[Tuple[str, str]]
|
||||
) -> Dict[Tuple[str, str], FetchKeyResult]:
|
||||
"""
|
||||
|
@ -62,10 +65,12 @@ class KeyStore(SQLBaseStore):
|
|||
"""Processes a batch of keys to fetch, and adds the result to `keys`."""
|
||||
|
||||
# batch_iter always returns tuples so it's safe to do len(batch)
|
||||
sql = (
|
||||
"SELECT server_name, key_id, verify_key, ts_valid_until_ms "
|
||||
"FROM server_signature_keys WHERE 1=0"
|
||||
) + " OR (server_name=? AND key_id=?)" * len(batch)
|
||||
sql = """
|
||||
SELECT server_name, key_id, verify_key, ts_valid_until_ms
|
||||
FROM server_signature_keys WHERE 1=0
|
||||
""" + " OR (server_name=? AND key_id=?)" * len(
|
||||
batch
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
txn.execute(sql, tuple(itertools.chain.from_iterable(batch)))
|
||||
|
||||
|
@ -89,9 +94,9 @@ class KeyStore(SQLBaseStore):
|
|||
_get_keys(txn, batch)
|
||||
return keys
|
||||
|
||||
return await self.db_pool.runInteraction("get_server_verify_keys", _txn)
|
||||
return await self.db_pool.runInteraction("get_server_signature_keys", _txn)
|
||||
|
||||
async def store_server_verify_keys(
|
||||
async def store_server_signature_keys(
|
||||
self,
|
||||
from_server: str,
|
||||
ts_added_ms: int,
|
||||
|
@ -119,7 +124,7 @@ class KeyStore(SQLBaseStore):
|
|||
)
|
||||
)
|
||||
# invalidate takes a tuple corresponding to the params of
|
||||
# _get_server_verify_key. _get_server_verify_key only takes one
|
||||
# _get_server_signature_key. _get_server_signature_key only takes one
|
||||
# param, which is itself the 2-tuple (server_name, key_id).
|
||||
invalidations.append((server_name, key_id))
|
||||
|
||||
|
@ -134,10 +139,10 @@ class KeyStore(SQLBaseStore):
|
|||
"verify_key",
|
||||
),
|
||||
value_values=value_values,
|
||||
desc="store_server_verify_keys",
|
||||
desc="store_server_signature_keys",
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
invalidate = self._get_server_verify_key.invalidate
|
||||
invalidate = self._get_server_signature_key.invalidate
|
||||
for i in invalidations:
|
||||
invalidate((i,))
|
||||
|
||||
|
@ -180,7 +185,75 @@ class KeyStore(SQLBaseStore):
|
|||
desc="store_server_keys_json",
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
# invalidate takes a tuple corresponding to the params of
|
||||
# _get_server_keys_json. _get_server_keys_json only takes one
|
||||
# param, which is itself the 2-tuple (server_name, key_id).
|
||||
self._get_server_keys_json.invalidate((((server_name, key_id),)))
|
||||
|
||||
@cached()
|
||||
def _get_server_keys_json(
|
||||
self, server_name_and_key_id: Tuple[str, str]
|
||||
) -> FetchKeyResult:
|
||||
raise NotImplementedError()
|
||||
|
||||
@cachedList(
|
||||
cached_method_name="_get_server_keys_json", list_name="server_name_and_key_ids"
|
||||
)
|
||||
async def get_server_keys_json(
|
||||
self, server_name_and_key_ids: Iterable[Tuple[str, str]]
|
||||
) -> Dict[Tuple[str, str], FetchKeyResult]:
|
||||
"""
|
||||
Args:
|
||||
server_name_and_key_ids:
|
||||
iterable of (server_name, key-id) tuples to fetch keys for
|
||||
|
||||
Returns:
|
||||
A map from (server_name, key_id) -> FetchKeyResult, or None if the
|
||||
key is unknown
|
||||
"""
|
||||
keys = {}
|
||||
|
||||
def _get_keys(txn: Cursor, batch: Tuple[Tuple[str, str], ...]) -> None:
|
||||
"""Processes a batch of keys to fetch, and adds the result to `keys`."""
|
||||
|
||||
# batch_iter always returns tuples so it's safe to do len(batch)
|
||||
sql = """
|
||||
SELECT server_name, key_id, key_json, ts_valid_until_ms
|
||||
FROM server_keys_json WHERE 1=0
|
||||
""" + " OR (server_name=? AND key_id=?)" * len(
|
||||
batch
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
txn.execute(sql, tuple(itertools.chain.from_iterable(batch)))
|
||||
|
||||
for server_name, key_id, key_json_bytes, ts_valid_until_ms in txn:
|
||||
if ts_valid_until_ms is None:
|
||||
# Old keys may be stored with a ts_valid_until_ms of null,
|
||||
# in which case we treat this as if it was set to `0`, i.e.
|
||||
# it won't match key requests that define a minimum
|
||||
# `ts_valid_until_ms`.
|
||||
ts_valid_until_ms = 0
|
||||
|
||||
# The entire signed JSON response is stored in server_keys_json,
|
||||
# fetch out the bits needed.
|
||||
key_json = json.loads(bytes(key_json_bytes))
|
||||
key_base64 = key_json["verify_keys"][key_id]["key"]
|
||||
|
||||
keys[(server_name, key_id)] = FetchKeyResult(
|
||||
verify_key=decode_verify_key_bytes(
|
||||
key_id, decode_base64(key_base64)
|
||||
),
|
||||
valid_until_ts=ts_valid_until_ms,
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
def _txn(txn: Cursor) -> Dict[Tuple[str, str], FetchKeyResult]:
|
||||
for batch in batch_iter(server_name_and_key_ids, 50):
|
||||
_get_keys(txn, batch)
|
||||
return keys
|
||||
|
||||
return await self.db_pool.runInteraction("get_server_keys_json", _txn)
|
||||
|
||||
async def get_server_keys_json_for_remote(
|
||||
self, server_keys: Iterable[Tuple[str, Optional[str], Optional[str]]]
|
||||
) -> Dict[Tuple[str, Optional[str], Optional[str]], List[Dict[str, Any]]]:
|
||||
"""Retrieve the key json for a list of server_keys and key ids.
|
||||
|
@ -188,8 +261,10 @@ class KeyStore(SQLBaseStore):
|
|||
that server, key_id, and source triplet entry will be an empty list.
|
||||
The JSON is returned as a byte array so that it can be efficiently
|
||||
used in an HTTP response.
|
||||
|
||||
Args:
|
||||
server_keys: List of (server_name, key_id, source) triplets.
|
||||
|
||||
Returns:
|
||||
A mapping from (server_name, key_id, source) triplets to a list of dicts
|
||||
"""
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -190,10 +190,23 @@ class KeyringTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
|
|||
kr = keyring.Keyring(self.hs)
|
||||
|
||||
key1 = signedjson.key.generate_signing_key("1")
|
||||
r = self.hs.get_datastores().main.store_server_verify_keys(
|
||||
r = self.hs.get_datastores().main.store_server_keys_json(
|
||||
"server9",
|
||||
int(time.time() * 1000),
|
||||
{("server9", get_key_id(key1)): FetchKeyResult(get_verify_key(key1), 1000)},
|
||||
get_key_id(key1),
|
||||
from_server="test",
|
||||
ts_now_ms=int(time.time() * 1000),
|
||||
ts_expires_ms=1000,
|
||||
# The entire response gets signed & stored, just include the bits we
|
||||
# care about.
|
||||
key_json_bytes=canonicaljson.encode_canonical_json(
|
||||
{
|
||||
"verify_keys": {
|
||||
get_key_id(key1): {
|
||||
"key": encode_verify_key_base64(get_verify_key(key1))
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
),
|
||||
)
|
||||
self.get_success(r)
|
||||
|
||||
|
@ -280,17 +293,13 @@ class KeyringTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
|
|||
mock_fetcher = Mock()
|
||||
mock_fetcher.get_keys = Mock(return_value=make_awaitable({}))
|
||||
|
||||
kr = keyring.Keyring(
|
||||
self.hs, key_fetchers=(StoreKeyFetcher(self.hs), mock_fetcher)
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
key1 = signedjson.key.generate_signing_key("1")
|
||||
r = self.hs.get_datastores().main.store_server_verify_keys(
|
||||
r = self.hs.get_datastores().main.store_server_signature_keys(
|
||||
"server9",
|
||||
int(time.time() * 1000),
|
||||
# None is not a valid value in FetchKeyResult, but we're abusing this
|
||||
# API to insert null values into the database. The nulls get converted
|
||||
# to 0 when fetched in KeyStore.get_server_verify_keys.
|
||||
# to 0 when fetched in KeyStore.get_server_signature_keys.
|
||||
{("server9", get_key_id(key1)): FetchKeyResult(get_verify_key(key1), None)}, # type: ignore[arg-type]
|
||||
)
|
||||
self.get_success(r)
|
||||
|
@ -298,27 +307,12 @@ class KeyringTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
|
|||
json1: JsonDict = {}
|
||||
signedjson.sign.sign_json(json1, "server9", key1)
|
||||
|
||||
# should fail immediately on an unsigned object
|
||||
d = kr.verify_json_for_server("server9", {}, 0)
|
||||
self.get_failure(d, SynapseError)
|
||||
|
||||
# should fail on a signed object with a non-zero minimum_valid_until_ms,
|
||||
# as it tries to refetch the keys and fails.
|
||||
d = kr.verify_json_for_server("server9", json1, 500)
|
||||
self.get_failure(d, SynapseError)
|
||||
|
||||
# We expect the keyring tried to refetch the key once.
|
||||
mock_fetcher.get_keys.assert_called_once_with(
|
||||
"server9", [get_key_id(key1)], 500
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
# should succeed on a signed object with a 0 minimum_valid_until_ms
|
||||
d = kr.verify_json_for_server(
|
||||
"server9",
|
||||
json1,
|
||||
0,
|
||||
d = self.hs.get_datastores().main.get_server_signature_keys(
|
||||
[("server9", get_key_id(key1))]
|
||||
)
|
||||
self.get_success(d)
|
||||
result = self.get_success(d)
|
||||
self.assertEquals(result[("server9", get_key_id(key1))].valid_until_ts, 0)
|
||||
|
||||
def test_verify_json_dedupes_key_requests(self) -> None:
|
||||
"""Two requests for the same key should be deduped."""
|
||||
|
@ -464,7 +458,9 @@ class ServerKeyFetcherTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
|
|||
# check that the perspectives store is correctly updated
|
||||
lookup_triplet = (SERVER_NAME, testverifykey_id, None)
|
||||
key_json = self.get_success(
|
||||
self.hs.get_datastores().main.get_server_keys_json([lookup_triplet])
|
||||
self.hs.get_datastores().main.get_server_keys_json_for_remote(
|
||||
[lookup_triplet]
|
||||
)
|
||||
)
|
||||
res_keys = key_json[lookup_triplet]
|
||||
self.assertEqual(len(res_keys), 1)
|
||||
|
@ -582,7 +578,9 @@ class PerspectivesKeyFetcherTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
|
|||
# check that the perspectives store is correctly updated
|
||||
lookup_triplet = (SERVER_NAME, testverifykey_id, None)
|
||||
key_json = self.get_success(
|
||||
self.hs.get_datastores().main.get_server_keys_json([lookup_triplet])
|
||||
self.hs.get_datastores().main.get_server_keys_json_for_remote(
|
||||
[lookup_triplet]
|
||||
)
|
||||
)
|
||||
res_keys = key_json[lookup_triplet]
|
||||
self.assertEqual(len(res_keys), 1)
|
||||
|
@ -703,7 +701,9 @@ class PerspectivesKeyFetcherTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
|
|||
# check that the perspectives store is correctly updated
|
||||
lookup_triplet = (SERVER_NAME, testverifykey_id, None)
|
||||
key_json = self.get_success(
|
||||
self.hs.get_datastores().main.get_server_keys_json([lookup_triplet])
|
||||
self.hs.get_datastores().main.get_server_keys_json_for_remote(
|
||||
[lookup_triplet]
|
||||
)
|
||||
)
|
||||
res_keys = key_json[lookup_triplet]
|
||||
self.assertEqual(len(res_keys), 1)
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -37,13 +37,13 @@ KEY_2 = decode_verify_key_base64(
|
|||
|
||||
|
||||
class KeyStoreTestCase(tests.unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
|
||||
def test_get_server_verify_keys(self) -> None:
|
||||
def test_get_server_signature_keys(self) -> None:
|
||||
store = self.hs.get_datastores().main
|
||||
|
||||
key_id_1 = "ed25519:key1"
|
||||
key_id_2 = "ed25519:KEY_ID_2"
|
||||
self.get_success(
|
||||
store.store_server_verify_keys(
|
||||
store.store_server_signature_keys(
|
||||
"from_server",
|
||||
10,
|
||||
{
|
||||
|
@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ class KeyStoreTestCase(tests.unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
|
|||
)
|
||||
|
||||
res = self.get_success(
|
||||
store.get_server_verify_keys(
|
||||
store.get_server_signature_keys(
|
||||
[
|
||||
("server1", key_id_1),
|
||||
("server1", key_id_2),
|
||||
|
@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ class KeyStoreTestCase(tests.unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
|
|||
key_id_2 = "ed25519:key2"
|
||||
|
||||
self.get_success(
|
||||
store.store_server_verify_keys(
|
||||
store.store_server_signature_keys(
|
||||
"from_server",
|
||||
0,
|
||||
{
|
||||
|
@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ class KeyStoreTestCase(tests.unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
|
|||
)
|
||||
|
||||
res = self.get_success(
|
||||
store.get_server_verify_keys([("srv1", key_id_1), ("srv1", key_id_2)])
|
||||
store.get_server_signature_keys([("srv1", key_id_1), ("srv1", key_id_2)])
|
||||
)
|
||||
self.assertEqual(len(res.keys()), 2)
|
||||
|
||||
|
@ -111,20 +111,20 @@ class KeyStoreTestCase(tests.unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
|
|||
self.assertEqual(res2.valid_until_ts, 200)
|
||||
|
||||
# we should be able to look up the same thing again without a db hit
|
||||
res = self.get_success(store.get_server_verify_keys([("srv1", key_id_1)]))
|
||||
res = self.get_success(store.get_server_signature_keys([("srv1", key_id_1)]))
|
||||
self.assertEqual(len(res.keys()), 1)
|
||||
self.assertEqual(res[("srv1", key_id_1)].verify_key, KEY_1)
|
||||
|
||||
new_key_2 = signedjson.key.get_verify_key(
|
||||
signedjson.key.generate_signing_key("key2")
|
||||
)
|
||||
d = store.store_server_verify_keys(
|
||||
d = store.store_server_signature_keys(
|
||||
"from_server", 10, {("srv1", key_id_2): FetchKeyResult(new_key_2, 300)}
|
||||
)
|
||||
self.get_success(d)
|
||||
|
||||
res = self.get_success(
|
||||
store.get_server_verify_keys([("srv1", key_id_1), ("srv1", key_id_2)])
|
||||
store.get_server_signature_keys([("srv1", key_id_1), ("srv1", key_id_2)])
|
||||
)
|
||||
self.assertEqual(len(res.keys()), 2)
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -69,7 +69,6 @@ from synapse.logging.context import (
|
|||
)
|
||||
from synapse.rest import RegisterServletsFunc
|
||||
from synapse.server import HomeServer
|
||||
from synapse.storage.keys import FetchKeyResult
|
||||
from synapse.types import JsonDict, Requester, UserID, create_requester
|
||||
from synapse.util import Clock
|
||||
from synapse.util.httpresourcetree import create_resource_tree
|
||||
|
@ -848,15 +847,23 @@ class FederatingHomeserverTestCase(HomeserverTestCase):
|
|||
verify_key_id = "%s:%s" % (verify_key.alg, verify_key.version)
|
||||
|
||||
self.get_success(
|
||||
hs.get_datastores().main.store_server_verify_keys(
|
||||
hs.get_datastores().main.store_server_keys_json(
|
||||
self.OTHER_SERVER_NAME,
|
||||
verify_key_id,
|
||||
from_server=self.OTHER_SERVER_NAME,
|
||||
ts_added_ms=clock.time_msec(),
|
||||
verify_keys={
|
||||
(self.OTHER_SERVER_NAME, verify_key_id): FetchKeyResult(
|
||||
verify_key=verify_key,
|
||||
valid_until_ts=clock.time_msec() + 10000,
|
||||
),
|
||||
},
|
||||
ts_now_ms=clock.time_msec(),
|
||||
ts_expires_ms=clock.time_msec() + 10000,
|
||||
key_json_bytes=canonicaljson.encode_canonical_json(
|
||||
{
|
||||
"verify_keys": {
|
||||
verify_key_id: {
|
||||
"key": signedjson.key.encode_verify_key_base64(
|
||||
verify_key
|
||||
)
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
),
|
||||
)
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -131,6 +131,9 @@ def default_config(
|
|||
# the test signing key is just an arbitrary ed25519 key to keep the config
|
||||
# parser happy
|
||||
"signing_key": "ed25519 a_lPym qvioDNmfExFBRPgdTU+wtFYKq4JfwFRv7sYVgWvmgJg",
|
||||
# Disable trusted key servers, otherwise unit tests might try to actually
|
||||
# reach out to matrix.org.
|
||||
"trusted_key_servers": [],
|
||||
"event_cache_size": 1,
|
||||
"enable_registration": True,
|
||||
"enable_registration_captcha": False,
|
||||
|
|
Loading…
Reference in New Issue