mdbx: provide initial ut_and_examples within a distribution.

2026-01-02 mdbx-make: provide `test` and `dist` targets for amalgamated sources. 2026-01-02 mdbx-cmake: enable `MDBX_ENABLE_TESTS` by default for amalgamated sources. 2026-01-02 mdbx-dist: add an `examples` directory to the distribution. 2026-01-02 mdbx: minor clarification and reformat of comments (cosmetics). 2026-01-02 mdbx: update (C) 2026.
2026-07-14 18:46:08 +00:00 · 2026-01-02 23:50:13 +03:00
parent dd898175ec
commit 13a7157cec
28 changed files with 355 additions and 203 deletions
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Copyright (c) 2020-2025 Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> ###############################################
+# Copyright (c) 2020-2026 Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> ###############################################
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 #
 # Donations are welcome to ETH `0xD104d8f8B2dC312aaD74899F83EBf3EEBDC1EA3A`. Всё будет хорошо!
@@ -12,10 +12,8 @@
 # The next version is under active non-public development and will be released as MithrilDB and libmithrildb for
 # libraries & packages. Admittedly mythical Mithril is resembling silver but being stronger and lighter than steel.
 # Therefore MithrilDB is rightly relevant name.
-#
-# MithrilDB will be radically different from libmdbx by the new database format and API based on C++17, as well as the
-# Apache 2.0 License. The goal of this revolution is to provide a clearer and robust API, add more features and new
-# valuable properties of database.
+# MithrilDB will be radically different from libmdbx by the new database format and API based on C++20.
+# The goal of this revolution is to provide a clearer and robust API, add more features and new valuable properties.

 if(CMAKE_VERSION VERSION_LESS 3.8.2)
  cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.0.2)
@@ -97,9 +95,6 @@ endif()
 if(DEFINED PROJECT_NAME AND NOT MDBX_FORCE_BUILD_AS_MAIN_PROJECT)
  set(SUBPROJECT ON)
  set(NOT_SUBPROJECT OFF)
-  if(NOT MDBX_AMALGAMATED_SOURCE AND NOT DEFINED BUILD_TESTING)
-    set(BUILD_TESTING OFF)
-  endif()
  enable_language(C)
 else()
  set(SUBPROJECT OFF)
@@ -121,23 +116,20 @@ else()
  project(libmdbx C)
 endif()

-if(MDBX_AMALGAMATED_SOURCE
-   AND DEFINED MDBX_ENABLE_TESTS
-   AND MDBX_ENABLE_TESTS)
-  message(WARNING "MDBX_ENABLE_TESTS=${MDBX_ENABLE_TESTS}: But amalgamated source code don't includes tests.")
-  set(MDBX_ENABLE_TESTS OFF)
-endif()
-
 if(NOT CMAKE_VERSION VERSION_LESS 3.8.2)
  source_group("markdown" FILES REGULAR_EXPRESSION ".*[.]md")
 endif()

+if(NOT ((DEFINED BUILD_TESTING AND NOT BUILD_TESTING) OR (DEFINED MDBX_ENABLE_TESTS AND NOT MDBX_ENABLE_TESTS)))
+  include(CTest)
+  option(MDBX_ENABLE_TESTS "Build MDBX tests" ${BUILD_TESTING})
+endif()
+
 # Try to find a C++ compiler unless sure that this is unnecessary.
 if(NOT CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_LOADED)
  include(CheckLanguage)
-  if(NOT DEFINED MDBX_BUILD_CXX
-     OR MDBX_BUILD_CXX
-     OR (NOT MDBX_AMALGAMATED_SOURCE AND (NOT DEFINED MDBX_ENABLE_TESTS OR MDBX_ENABLE_TESTS)))
+  if(NOT (DEFINED MDBX_BUILD_CXX AND NOT MDBX_BUILD_CXX)
+     OR NOT (DEFINED MDBX_ENABLE_TESTS AND NOT MDBX_ENABLE_TESTS))
    check_language(CXX)
    if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER)
      enable_language(CXX)
@@ -321,72 +313,6 @@ else()
    set(LTO_ENABLED FALSE)
  endif()

-  if(NOT MDBX_AMALGAMATED_SOURCE)
-    if(NOT WIN32)
-      if(NOT MEMORYCHECK_COMMAND)
-        find_program(MEMORYCHECK_COMMAND valgrind)
-      endif()
-      if(MEMORYCHECK_COMMAND)
-        # (LY) cmake is ugly and nasty. Therefore memcheck-options should be defined before including ctest. Otherwise
-        # ctest may ignore it.
-        set(MEMORYCHECK_SUPPRESSIONS_FILE
-            "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/test/valgrind_suppress.txt"
-            CACHE FILEPATH "Suppressions file for Valgrind" FORCE)
-        set(MEMORYCHECK_COMMAND_OPTIONS
-            "--trace-children=yes --leak-check=full --track-origins=yes --expensive-definedness-checks=yes --error-exitcode=42 --error-markers=@VALGRIND --errors-for-leak-kinds=definite --fair-sched=yes --suppressions=${MEMORYCHECK_SUPPRESSIONS_FILE}"
-            CACHE STRING "Valgrind options" FORCE)
-        set(MEMORYCHECK_COMMAND_OPTIONS
-            "${MEMORYCHECK_COMMAND_OPTIONS}"
-            CACHE STRING "Valgrind options" FORCE)
-      endif()
-    endif()
-
-    # Enable 'make tags' target.
-    find_program(CTAGS ctags)
-    if(CTAGS)
-      add_custom_target(
-        tags
-        COMMAND ${CTAGS} -R -f tags
-        WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR})
-      add_custom_target(ctags DEPENDS tags)
-    endif(CTAGS)
-
-    if(UNIX)
-      find_program(CLANG_FORMAT NAMES clang-format-13 clang-format)
-      if(CLANG_FORMAT)
-        execute_process(COMMAND ${CLANG_FORMAT} "--version" OUTPUT_VARIABLE clang_format_version_info)
-        string(REGEX MATCH "version ([0-9]+)\\.([0-9]+)\\.([0-9]+)(.*)?" clang_format_version_info CLANG_FORMAT_VERSION)
-        if(clang_format_version_info AND NOT CLANG_FORMAT_VERSION VERSION_LESS 13.0)
-          # Enable 'make reformat' target.
-          add_custom_target(
-            reformat
-            VERBATIM
-            COMMAND git ls-files | grep -E \\.\(c|cxx|cc|cpp|h|hxx|hpp\)\(\\.in\)?\$ | xargs ${CLANG_FORMAT} -i
-                    --style=file
-            WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR})
-        endif()
-      endif()
-    endif()
-
-    if(NOT "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}" STREQUAL "${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}")
-      add_custom_target(distclean)
-      add_custom_command(
-        TARGET distclean
-        POST_BUILD
-        COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E remove_directory "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}"
-        COMMENT "Removing the build directory and its content")
-    elseif(IS_DIRECTORY .git AND GIT)
-      add_custom_target(distclean)
-      add_custom_command(
-        TARGET distclean
-        POST_BUILD
-        WORKING_DIRECTORY ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}
-        COMMAND ${GIT} submodule foreach --recursive git clean -f -X -d
-        COMMAND ${GIT} clean -f -X -d
-        COMMENT "Removing all build files from the source directory")
-    endif()
-  endif(NOT MDBX_AMALGAMATED_SOURCE)
-
  set(MDBX_MANAGE_BUILD_FLAGS_DEFAULT ON)
 endif(SUBPROJECT)

@@ -584,32 +510,21 @@ add_option(MDBX ENABLE_DBI_LOCKFREE "Support for deferred releasing and a lockfr
 add_option(MDBX USE_FALLOCATE "Using posix_fallocate() or fcntl(F_PREALLOCATE) on OSX" AUTO)
 mark_as_advanced(MDBX_USE_FALLOCATE)

-if(NOT MDBX_AMALGAMATED_SOURCE)
-  if(CMAKE_CONFIGURATION_TYPES OR CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE_UPPERCASE STREQUAL "DEBUG")
-    set(MDBX_ALLOY_BUILD_DEFAULT OFF)
-  else()
-    set(MDBX_ALLOY_BUILD_DEFAULT ON)
-  endif()
-  add_option(MDBX ALLOY_BUILD "Build MDBX library through single/alloyed object file" ${MDBX_ALLOY_BUILD_DEFAULT})
-endif()
-
 if((MDBX_BUILD_TOOLS OR MDBX_ENABLE_TESTS) AND MDBX_BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY)
  add_option(MDBX LINK_TOOLS_NONSTATIC "Link MDBX tools with non-static libmdbx" OFF)
 else()
  unset(MDBX_LINK_TOOLS_NONSTATIC CACHE)
 endif()

+set(MDBX_CXX_AVAILABLE FALSE)
 if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_LOADED
   AND MDBX_CXX_STANDARD LESS 83
   AND NOT MDBX_CXX_STANDARD LESS 11)
-  if(NOT MDBX_AMALGAMATED_SOURCE)
-    include(CTest)
-    option(MDBX_ENABLE_TESTS "Build MDBX tests" ${BUILD_TESTING})
-  endif()
  if(NOT MDBX_WITHOUT_MSVC_CRT
     AND NOT (CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX AND CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_LESS 4.8)
     AND NOT (CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_CLANG AND CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_LESS 3.9)
     AND NOT (MSVC AND MSVC_VERSION LESS 1900))
+    set(MDBX_CXX_AVAILABLE TRUE)
    option(MDBX_BUILD_CXX "Build C++ portion" ON)
  else()
    if(DEFINED MDBX_BUILD_CXX AND MDBX_BUILD_CXX)
@@ -628,9 +543,6 @@ else()
  if(DEFINED MDBX_BUILD_CXX AND MDBX_BUILD_CXX)
    message(WARNING "MDBX_BUILD_CXX=${MDBX_BUILD_CXX}: But there is no suitable C++ compiler available.")
  endif()
-  if(DEFINED MDBX_ENABLE_TESTS AND MDBX_ENABLE_TESTS)
-    message(WARNING "MDBX_ENABLE_TESTS=${MDBX_ENABLE_TESTS}: But there is no suitable C++ compiler available.")
-  endif()
  set(MDBX_ENABLE_TESTS OFF)
  set(MDBX_BUILD_CXX OFF)
 endif()
@@ -641,8 +553,8 @@ endif()

 # ######################################################################################################################

-if(MDBX_BUILD_CXX AND NOT CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_LOADED)
-  message(FATAL_ERROR "MDBX_BUILD_CXX=${MDBX_BUILD_CXX}: The C++ compiler is required to build the C++API.")
+if(MDBX_BUILD_CXX AND NOT MDBX_CXX_AVAILABLE)
+  message(FATAL_ERROR "MDBX_BUILD_CXX=${MDBX_BUILD_CXX}: The C++ 11 compiler is required to build the C++API.")
 endif()

 if(MDBX_BUILD_CXX)
@@ -744,8 +656,10 @@ target_setup_options(mdbx-static)
 libmdbx_setup_libs(mdbx-static INTERFACE)
 if(MDBX_BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY)
  set_target_properties(mdbx-static PROPERTIES OUTPUT_NAME mdbx-static)
+  set(MDBX_LIBRARY mdbx)
 else()
  set_target_properties(mdbx-static PROPERTIES OUTPUT_NAME mdbx)
+  set(MDBX_LIBRARY mdbx-static)
 endif()
 target_include_directories(mdbx-static INTERFACE "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}")

@@ -1050,10 +964,8 @@ add_definitions(-DMDBX_CONFIG_H="${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/config-cmake.h")

 # ######################################################################################################################

-if(NOT MDBX_AMALGAMATED_SOURCE AND MDBX_ENABLE_TESTS)
-  if(NOT CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_LOADED)
-    message(FATAL_ERROR "MDBX_ENABLE_TESTS=${MDBX_ENABLE_TESTS}: The C++ compiler is required to build the tests.")
-  endif()
+if(MDBX_ENABLE_TESTS)
+  add_subdirectory(ut_and_examples)
 endif()

 # ######################################################################################################################
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-Copyright (c) 2015-2025 Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru>
+Copyright (c) 2015-2026 Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru>

 Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ CC      ?= gcc
 CXX     ?= g++
 CFLAGS_EXTRA ?=
 LD      ?= ld
-CMAKE	?= cmake
+CMAKE	?= "$(shell which cmake 2>&-)"
 CMAKE_OPT ?=
 CTEST	?= ctest
 CTEST_OPT ?=
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ MDBX_TOOLS := $(addprefix mdbx_,$(TOOLS))
 MANPAGES   := mdbx_stat.1 mdbx_copy.1 mdbx_dump.1 mdbx_load.1 mdbx_chk.1 mdbx_drop.1
 TIP        := // TIP:

-.PHONY: all help options lib libs tools clean install uninstall check_buildflags_tag tools-static
+.PHONY: all help options lib libs tools clean install uninstall check_buildflags_tag tools-static run-ut
 .PHONY: install-strip install-no-strip strip libmdbx mdbx show-options lib-static lib-shared cmake-build ninja

 boolean = $(if $(findstring $(strip $($1)),YES Yes yes y ON On on 1 true True TRUE),1,$(if $(findstring $(strip $($1)),NO No no n OFF Off off 0 false False FALSE),,$(error Wrong value `$($1)` of $1 for YES/NO option)))
@@ -192,6 +192,11 @@ help:
 	@echo "  make bench-triplet       - run ioarena-benchmark for mdbx, lmdb, sqlite3"
 	@echo "  make bench-quartet       - run ioarena-benchmark for mdbx, lmdb, rocksdb, wiredtiger"
 	@echo "  make bench-clean         - remove temp database(s) after benchmark"
+	@echo "  make test                - basic test(s)"
+	@echo "  make build-test          - build test(s) executable(s)"
+	@echo "  make test-asan           - build with AddressSanitizer and run basic test"
+	@echo "  make test-leak           - build with LeakSanitizer and run basic test"
+	@echo "  make test-ubsan          - build with UndefinedBehaviourSanitizer and run basic test"

 show-options:
 	@echo "  MDBX_BUILD_OPTIONS   = $(MDBX_BUILD_OPTIONS)"
@@ -280,10 +285,47 @@ ctest: cmake-build
 	@echo "  RUN: ctest .."
 	$(QUIET)$(CTEST) --test-dir @cmake-ninja-build --parallel `(nproc | sysctl -n hw.ncpu | echo 2) 2>/dev/null` --schedule-random $(CTEST_OPT)

+run-ut: mdbx_example
+	$(QUIET)for UT in $^; do echo "  Running $$UT" && ./$${UT} || exit -1; done
+
+TEST_TARGETS := mdbx_example
+TEST_BUILD_TARGETS := test-build
+ifneq ($(CMAKE),"")
+TEST_TARGETS += ctest
+TEST_BUILD_TARGETS += cmake-build
+endif
+
+.PHONY: ninja-assertions ninja-debug ninja $(TEST_TARGETS) $(TEST_BUILD_TARGETS) test-ubsan test-asan test-asan test-leak test-assertion test build-test smoke check
+test smoke check: $(TEST_TARGETS)
+build-test: $(TEST_BUILD_TARGETS)
+
+test-assertion: MDBX_BUILD_OPTIONS += -DMDBX_FORCE_ASSERTIONS=1 -UNDEBUG -DMDBX_DEBUG=0
+test-assertion: smoke
+
+test-ubsan:
+	@echo '  RE-TEST with `-fsanitize=undefined` option...'
+	$(QUIET)$(MAKE) IOARENA=false CXXSTD=$(CXXSTD) CFLAGS_EXTRA="-DENABLE_UBSAN -Ofast -fsanitize=undefined -fsanitize-undefined-trap-on-error" test
+
+test-asan:
+	@echo '  RE-TEST with `-fsanitize=address` option...'
+	$(QUIET)$(MAKE) IOARENA=false CXXSTD=$(CXXSTD) CFLAGS_EXTRA="-Os -fsanitize=address" test
+
+test-leak:
+	@echo '  RE-TEST with `-fsanitize=leak` option...'
+	$(QUIET)$(MAKE) IOARENA=false CXXSTD=$(CXXSTD) CFLAGS_EXTRA="-fsanitize=leak" test
+
+mdbx_example: mdbx.h ut_and_examples/example-mdbx.c libmdbx.$(SO_SUFFIX)
+	@echo '  CC+LD $@'
+	$(QUIET)$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -I. ut_and_examples/example-mdbx.c ./libmdbx.$(SO_SUFFIX) -o $@
+
 ################################################################################
 # Amalgamated source code, i.e. distributed after `make dist`
 MAN_SRCDIR := man1/

+dist:
+	@echo '  Starting 2026 libmdbx is distrubuted in an amalgamated source code form.'
+	@echo '  So amalgamation is no longer required. Please update your build scripts.'
+
 config-gnumake.h: @buildflags.tag $(WAIT) mdbx.c $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST)) LICENSE NOTICE COPYRIGHT
 	@echo '  MAKE $@'
 	$(QUIET)(echo '#define MDBX_BUILD_TIMESTAMP "$(MDBX_BUILD_TIMESTAMP)"' \
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ to the Telegram' group https://t.me/libmdbx.
 Donations are welcome to the Ethereum/ERC-20 `0xD104d8f8B2dC312aaD74899F83EBf3EEBDC1EA3A`.
 Всё будет хорошо!

-Copyright 2015-2025 Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru>
+Copyright 2015-2026 Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru>
 SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 For notes about the license change, credits and acknowledgments,
 please refer to the COPYRIGHT file within libmdbx source.
@@ -1 +1 @@
-{ "git_describe": "v0.14.1-215-g541e81ed", "git_timestamp": "2026-01-01T01:10:47+03:00", "git_tree": "0d2ce6d87b92a6e4230b34454a2285496f8a75f2", "git_commit": "541e81ed1c8e47d5cbdb050a2102263a255002d4", "semver": "0.14.1.215" }
+{ "git_describe": "v0.14.1-220-g0f8b288c", "git_timestamp": "2026-01-02T23:27:02+03:00", "git_tree": "d490bb4b78537c494ffecf7b31b961c48a715d94", "git_commit": "0f8b288ce9d1e1028f8bb760f5f87eafa8e94bfe", "semver": "0.14.1.220" }
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Copyright (c) 2010-2025 Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> ###############################################
+# Copyright (c) 2010-2026 Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> ###############################################
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

 if(CMAKE_VERSION VERSION_LESS 3.8.2)
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Copyright (c) 2012-2025 Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> ###############################################
+# Copyright (c) 2012-2026 Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> ###############################################
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

 if(CMAKE_VERSION VERSION_LESS 3.8.2)
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Copyright (c) 2012-2025 Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> ###############################################
+# Copyright (c) 2012-2026 Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> ###############################################
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

 if(CMAKE_VERSION VERSION_LESS 3.8.2)
@@ -11,8 +11,10 @@
 #cmakedefine ENABLE_ASAN
 #cmakedefine ENABLE_UBSAN
 #cmakedefine01 MDBX_FORCE_ASSERTIONS
+
+/* allowing override MDBX_BUILD_CXX=OFF to build the C++ API in "private" mode only for tests */
 #if !defined(MDBX_BUILD_TEST) && !defined(MDBX_BUILD_CXX)
-#cmakedefine01 MDBX_BUILD_CXX
+#cmakedefine01 MDBX_BUILD_CXX /* using MDBX_BUILD_CXX CMake's option */
 #endif

 /* Common */
@@ -39,10 +41,11 @@
 #cmakedefine01 MDBX_ENABLE_DBI_LOCKFREE

 /* Windows */
+/* allowing override MDBX_WITHOUT_MSVC_CRT=ON to build the C++ API in "private" mode only for tests */
 #if defined(MDBX_BUILD_TEST) || !defined(MDBX_BUILD_CXX) || MDBX_BUILD_CXX
-#define MDBX_WITHOUT_MSVC_CRT 0
+#define MDBX_WITHOUT_MSVC_CRT /* hardcoded zero */ 0
 #else
-#cmakedefine01 MDBX_WITHOUT_MSVC_CRT
+#cmakedefine01 MDBX_WITHOUT_MSVC_CRT /* using MDBX_WITHOUT_MSVC_CRT CMake's option */
 #endif /* MDBX_WITHOUT_MSVC_CRT */

 /* MacOS & iOS */
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-.\" Copyright 2015-2025 Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru>.
+.\" Copyright 2015-2026 Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru>.
 .\" Copying restrictions apply.  See COPYRIGHT/LICENSE.
 .TH MDBX_CHK 1 "2025-01-14" "MDBX 0.14"
 .SH NAME
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-.\" Copyright 2015-2025 Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru>.
+.\" Copyright 2015-2026 Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru>.
 .\" Copyright 2015,2016 Peter-Service R&D LLC <http://billing.ru/>.
 .\" Copyright 2012-2015 Howard Chu, Symas Corp. All Rights Reserved.
 .\" Copying restrictions apply.  See COPYRIGHT/LICENSE.
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-.\" Copyright 2021-2025 Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru>.
+.\" Copyright 2021-2026 Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru>.
 .\" Copyright 2014-2021 Howard Chu, Symas Corp. All Rights Reserved.
 .\" Copying restrictions apply.  See COPYRIGHT/LICENSE.
 .TH MDBX_DROP 1 "2025-01-14" "MDBX 0.14"
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-.\" Copyright 2015-2025 Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru>.
+.\" Copyright 2015-2026 Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru>.
 .\" Copyright 2015,2016 Peter-Service R&D LLC <http://billing.ru/>.
 .\" Copyright 2014-2015 Howard Chu, Symas Corp. All Rights Reserved.
 .\" Copying restrictions apply.  See COPYRIGHT/LICENSE.
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-.\" Copyright 2015-2025 Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru>.
+.\" Copyright 2015-2026 Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru>.
 .\" Copyright 2015,2016 Peter-Service R&D LLC <http://billing.ru/>.
 .\" Copyright 2014-2015 Howard Chu, Symas Corp. All Rights Reserved.
 .\" Copying restrictions apply.  See COPYRIGHT/LICENSE.
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-.\" Copyright 2015-2025 Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru>.
+.\" Copyright 2015-2026 Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru>.
 .\" Copyright 2015,2016 Peter-Service R&D LLC <http://billing.ru/>.
 .\" Copyright 2012-2015 Howard Chu, Symas Corp. All Rights Reserved.
 .\" Copying restrictions apply.  See COPYRIGHT/LICENSE.
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026
 /* clang-format off */

 #define xMDBX_ALLOY 1  /* alloyed build */

-#define MDBX_BUILD_SOURCERY f7f5123962e752f13134b4013b9332f1b311a5f0dd19f3d45ba4e65d806a3545_v0_14_1_215_g541e81ed
+#define MDBX_BUILD_SOURCERY e30d838fb2509384f10339f050c97b34b790926488f78b959203d21608b421aa_v0_14_1_220_g0f8b288c

 #define LIBMDBX_INTERNALS
 #define MDBX_DEPRECATED
@@ -7130,7 +7130,7 @@ MDBX_INTERNAL int walk_tbl(walk_ctx_t *ctx, walk_tbl_t *tbl);
 #pragma warning(pop)
 #endif /* MSVC */
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 __cold size_t mdbx_default_pagesize(void) {
  size_t pagesize = globals.sys_pagesize;
@@ -7673,7 +7673,7 @@ LIBMDBX_API __cold intptr_t mdbx_limits_pgsize_max(void) { return __inline_mdbx_
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 /// \note Please refer to the COPYRIGHT file for explanations license change,
 /// credits and acknowledgments.
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 typedef struct compacting_context {
  MDBX_env *env;
@@ -8582,7 +8582,7 @@ __cold int mdbx_env_copyW(MDBX_env *env, const wchar_t *dest_path, MDBX_copy_fla
  return LOG_IFERR(rc);
 }
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 MDBX_cursor *mdbx_cursor_create(void *context) {
  cursor_couple_t *couple = osal_calloc(1, sizeof(cursor_couple_t));
@@ -9429,7 +9429,7 @@ int mdbx_cursor_bunch_delete(MDBX_cursor *mc, MDBX_bunch_action_t action, uint64
  return LOG_IFERR(rc);
 }
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 int mdbx_dbi_open2(MDBX_txn *txn, const MDBX_val *name, MDBX_db_flags_t flags, MDBX_dbi *dbi) {
  return LOG_IFERR(dbi_open(txn, name, flags, dbi, nullptr, nullptr));
@@ -9721,7 +9721,7 @@ bailout:
  return LOG_IFERR(rc);
 }
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 __cold static intptr_t reasonable_db_maxsize(void) {
  static intptr_t cached_result;
@@ -11170,7 +11170,7 @@ __cold int mdbx_env_stat_ex(const MDBX_env *env, const MDBX_txn *txn, MDBX_stat
  return LOG_IFERR(rc);
 }
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 /*------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * Readers API */
@@ -11359,7 +11359,7 @@ __cold const char *mdbx_ratio2percents(uint64_t value, uint64_t whole, char *buf
    return ratio2percent(value, whole, (ratio2digits_buffer_t *)buffer);
 }
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 static inline double key2double(const int64_t key) {
  union {
@@ -11554,7 +11554,7 @@ int64_t mdbx_int64_from_key(const MDBX_val v) {
  return (int64_t)(unaligned_peek_u64(2, v.iov_base) - UINT64_C(0x8000000000000000));
 }
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 __cold int mdbx_is_readahead_reasonable(size_t volume, intptr_t redundancy) {
  if (volume <= 1024 * 1024 * 4ul)
@@ -11837,7 +11837,7 @@ const char *mdbx_strerror_ANSI2OEM(int errnum) {
 }
 #endif /* Bit of madness for Windows */
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 static pgno_t env_max_pgno(const MDBX_env *env) {
  return env->ps ? bytes2pgno(env, env->geo_in_bytes.upper ? env->geo_in_bytes.upper : MAX_MAPSIZE) : PAGELIST_LIMIT;
@@ -12413,7 +12413,7 @@ __cold int mdbx_env_get_option(const MDBX_env *env, const MDBX_option_t option,
  return MDBX_SUCCESS;
 }
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 typedef struct diff_result {
  ptrdiff_t diff;
@@ -12776,7 +12776,7 @@ __hot int mdbx_estimate_range(const MDBX_txn *txn, MDBX_dbi dbi, const MDBX_val
  return MDBX_SUCCESS;
 }
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 __cold int mdbx_dbi_dupsort_depthmask(const MDBX_txn *txn, MDBX_dbi dbi, uint32_t *mask) {
  if (unlikely(!mask))
@@ -13228,7 +13228,7 @@ int mdbx_replace(MDBX_txn *txn, MDBX_dbi dbi, const MDBX_val *key, MDBX_val *new
  return mdbx_replace_ex(txn, dbi, key, new_data, old_data, flags, default_value_preserver, nullptr);
 }
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 #ifdef __SANITIZE_THREAD__
 /* LY: avoid tsan-trap by txn, mm_last_pg and geo.first_unallocated */
@@ -13765,7 +13765,7 @@ int mdbx_txn_info(const MDBX_txn *txn, MDBX_txn_info *info, bool scan_rlt) {
  return MDBX_SUCCESS;
 }
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 struct audit_ctx {
  size_t used;
@@ -13870,7 +13870,7 @@ __cold int audit_ex(MDBX_txn *txn, size_t retired_stored, bool dont_filter_gc) {
  return rc;
 }
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 typedef struct MDBX_chk_internal {
  MDBX_chk_context_t *usr;
@@ -15772,7 +15772,7 @@ __cold int mdbx_env_chk(MDBX_env *env, const struct MDBX_chk_callbacks *cb, MDBX
  return LOG_IFERR(rc);
 }
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 /*------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * Pack/Unpack 16-bit values for Grow step & Shrink threshold */
@@ -16098,7 +16098,7 @@ uint32_t combine_durability_flags(const uint32_t a, const uint32_t b) {
  return r;
 }
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 /* check against https://libmdbx.dqdkfa.ru/dead-github/issues/269 */
 static bool coherency_check(const MDBX_env *env, const txnid_t txnid, const volatile tree_t *trees,
@@ -16260,7 +16260,7 @@ bool coherency_check_meta(const MDBX_env *env, const volatile meta_t *meta, bool
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 /// \note Please refer to the COPYRIGHT file for explanations license change,
 /// credits and acknowledgments.
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 __cold int cursor_validate(const MDBX_cursor *mc) {
  if (!mc->txn->wr.dirtylist) {
@@ -18627,7 +18627,7 @@ int cursor_check(const MDBX_cursor *mc, int txn_bad_bits) {
  return MDBX_SUCCESS;
 }
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 static defer_free_item_t *dbi_close_locked(MDBX_env *env, MDBX_dbi dbi);

@@ -19395,7 +19395,7 @@ __cold const tree_t *dbi_dig(const MDBX_txn *txn, const size_t dbi, tree_t *fall

 int dbi_close_release(MDBX_env *env, MDBX_dbi dbi) { return dbi_defer_release(env, dbi_close_locked(env, dbi)); }
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 static inline size_t dpl_size2bytes(ptrdiff_t size) {
  assert(size > CURSOR_STACK_SIZE && (size_t)size <= PAGELIST_LIMIT);
@@ -19881,7 +19881,7 @@ void dpl_release_shadows(MDBX_txn *txn) {
  dpl_clear(dl);
 }
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 __cold int dxb_read_header(MDBX_env *env, meta_t *dest, const int lck_exclusive, const mdbx_mode_t mode_bits) {
  memset(dest, 0, sizeof(meta_t));
@@ -21215,7 +21215,7 @@ fail:
  return rc;
 }
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 MDBX_txn *env_owned_wrtxn(const MDBX_env *env) {
  if (likely(env->basal_txn)) {
@@ -21822,7 +21822,7 @@ __cold int env_close(MDBX_env *env, bool resurrect_after_fork) {
  return rc;
 }
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 #if MDBX_USE_MINCORE
 /*------------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -24707,7 +24707,7 @@ bailout:
 #pragma pop_macro("LOG_ENABLED")
 #endif /* MDBX_DEBUG_GCU */
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 static void mdbx_init(void);
 static void mdbx_fini(void);
@@ -25197,7 +25197,7 @@ const char *__asan_default_options(void) {
 #endif /* __SANITIZE_ADDRESS__ */

 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 #if !(defined(_WIN32) || defined(_WIN64))
 /*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*
@@ -26067,7 +26067,7 @@ void lck_txn_unlock(MDBX_env *env) {

 #endif /* !Windows LCK-implementation */
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 #if defined(_WIN32) || defined(_WIN64)

@@ -26689,7 +26689,7 @@ int lck_rpid_check(MDBX_env *env, uint32_t pid) {

 #endif /* Windows */
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 __cold static int lck_setup_locked(MDBX_env *env) {
  int err = rthc_register(env);
@@ -26861,7 +26861,7 @@ void mincore_clean_cache(const MDBX_env *const env) {
  memset(env->lck->mincore_cache.begin, -1, sizeof(env->lck->mincore_cache.begin));
 }
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 /*------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 logging */
@@ -27112,7 +27112,7 @@ __cold void page_list(page_t *mp) {
          total, page_room(mp));
 }
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 typedef struct meta_snap {
  uint64_t txnid;
@@ -27766,7 +27766,7 @@ __cold int meta_validate_copy(MDBX_env *env, const meta_t *meta, meta_t *dest) {
  return meta_validate(env, dest, payload2page(meta), bytes2pgno(env, ptr_dist(meta, env->dxb_mmap.base)), nullptr);
 }
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 bsr_t mvcc_bind_slot(MDBX_env *env) {
  eASSERT(env, env->lck_mmap.lck);
@@ -28180,7 +28180,7 @@ __cold bool mvcc_kick_laggards(MDBX_env *env, const txnid_t straggler) {
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 /// \note Please refer to the COPYRIGHT file for explanations license change,
 /// credits and acknowledgments.
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 __hot int __must_check_result node_add_dupfix(MDBX_cursor *mc, size_t indx, const MDBX_val *key) {
  page_t *mp = mc->pg[mc->top];
@@ -28543,7 +28543,7 @@ __hot struct node_search_result node_search(MDBX_cursor *mc, const MDBX_val *key
  return ret;
 }
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026
 ///
 /// https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system_abstraction_layer

@@ -32122,7 +32122,7 @@ void osal_ctor(void) {

 void osal_dtor(void) {}
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 __cold int MDBX_PRINTF_ARGS(2, 3) bad_page(const page_t *mp, const char *fmt, ...) {
  if (LOG_ENABLED(MDBX_LOG_ERROR)) {
@@ -32605,7 +32605,7 @@ pgr_t page_get_large(const MDBX_cursor *const mc, const pgno_t pgno, const txnid
  return page_get_inline(P_ILL_BITS | P_BRANCH | P_LEAF | P_DUPFIX, mc, pgno, front);
 }
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 int iov_init(MDBX_txn *const txn, iov_ctx_t *ctx, size_t items, size_t npages, mdbx_filehandle_t fd,
             bool check_coherence) {
@@ -32788,7 +32788,7 @@ int iov_page(MDBX_txn *txn, iov_ctx_t *ctx, page_t *dp, size_t npages) {
  return MDBX_SUCCESS;
 }
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 static inline tree_t *outer_tree(MDBX_cursor *mc) {
  cASSERT(mc, (mc->flags & z_inner) != 0);
@@ -33534,7 +33534,7 @@ size_t page_subleaf2_reserve(const MDBX_env *env, size_t host_page_room, size_t
  return reserve + (subpage_len & 1);
 }
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 pnl_t pnl_alloc(size_t size) {
  size_t bytes = pnl_size2bytes(size);
@@ -33790,7 +33790,7 @@ size_t pnl_maxspan(const pnl_t pnl) {
  return len;
 }
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 #if MDBX_ENABLE_REFUND
 static void refund_reclaimed(MDBX_txn *txn) {
@@ -34000,7 +34000,7 @@ bool txn_refund(MDBX_txn *txn) {

 #endif /* MDBX_ENABLE_REFUND */
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2025-2026

 static inline size_t rkl_size2bytes(const size_t size) {
  assert(size > 0 && size <= txl_max * 2);
@@ -34644,7 +34644,7 @@ bool rkl_check(const rkl_t *rkl) {
  return true;
 }
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 void spill_remove(MDBX_txn *txn, size_t idx, size_t npages) {
  tASSERT(txn, idx > 0 && idx <= pnl_size(txn->wr.spilled.list) && txn->wr.spilled.least_removed > 0);
@@ -35075,7 +35075,7 @@ done:
             : MDBX_TXN_FULL;
 }
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 int tbl_setup(const MDBX_env *env, volatile kvx_t *const kvx, const tree_t *const db) {
  osal_memory_fence(mo_AcquireRelease, false);
@@ -35239,7 +35239,7 @@ int tbl_purge(MDBX_cursor *mc) {
  return MDBX_SUCCESS;
 }
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 typedef struct rthc_entry {
  MDBX_env *env;
@@ -35794,7 +35794,7 @@ __cold void rthc_dtor(const uint32_t current_pid) {
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 /// \note Please refer to the COPYRIGHT file for explanations license change,
 /// credits and acknowledgments.
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 static MDBX_cursor *cursor_clone(const MDBX_cursor *csrc, cursor_couple_t *couple) {
  cASSERT(csrc, csrc->txn->txnid >= csrc->txn->env->lck->cached_oldest.weak);
@@ -37374,7 +37374,7 @@ int tree_propagate_key(MDBX_cursor *mc, const MDBX_val *key) {
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 /// \note Please refer to the COPYRIGHT file for explanations license change,
 /// credits and acknowledgments.
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 /* Search for the lowest key under the current branch page.
 * This just bypasses a numkeys check in the current page
@@ -37544,7 +37544,7 @@ __hot __noinline int tree_search_finalize(MDBX_cursor *mc, const MDBX_val *key,
  return MDBX_SUCCESS;
 }
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 static inline size_t txl_size2bytes(const size_t size) {
  assert(size > 0 && size <= txl_max * 2);
@@ -37641,7 +37641,7 @@ __hot bool txl_contain(const txl_t txl, txnid_t id) {
  return false;
 }
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 static int txn_write(MDBX_txn *txn, iov_ctx_t *ctx) {
  tASSERT(txn, (txn->flags & MDBX_WRITEMAP) == 0 || MDBX_AVOID_MSYNC);
@@ -38013,7 +38013,7 @@ int txn_basal_commit(MDBX_txn *txn, struct commit_timestamp *ts) {
  return MDBX_SUCCESS;
 }
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 /* Merge pageset of the nested txn into parent */
 static void txn_merge(MDBX_txn *const parent, MDBX_txn *const txn, const size_t parent_retired_len) {
@@ -38613,7 +38613,7 @@ int txn_nested_join(MDBX_txn *txn, struct commit_timestamp *ts) {
  return MDBX_SUCCESS;
 }
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 static inline int txn_ro_rslot(MDBX_txn *txn) {
  reader_slot_t *slot = txn->ro.slot;
@@ -38909,7 +38909,7 @@ int txn_ro_unpark(MDBX_txn *txn) {
  return err ? err : MDBX_OUSTED;
 }
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 __hot bool txn_gc_detent(const MDBX_txn *const txn) {
  const txnid_t detent = mvcc_shapshot_oldest(txn->env, txn->wr.troika.txnid[txn->wr.troika.prefer_steady]);
@@ -39358,7 +39358,7 @@ MDBX_txn *txn_alloc(const MDBX_txn_flags_t flags, MDBX_env *env) {
  return txn;
 }
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 MDBX_NOTHROW_CONST_FUNCTION MDBX_MAYBE_UNUSED unsigned ceil_log2n(size_t value_uintptr) {
  assert(value_uintptr > 0 && value_uintptr < INT32_MAX);
@@ -39448,7 +39448,7 @@ __cold char *ratio2percent(uint64_t value, uint64_t whole, ratio2digits_buffer_t
  return ratio2digits(value * 100, whole, buffer, rough ? 1 : 2);
 }
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 static page_type_t walk_page_type(const page_t *mp) {
  if (mp)
@@ -39726,7 +39726,7 @@ __cold int walk_pages(MDBX_txn *txn, walk_func *visitor, void *user, walk_option
  return rc;
 }
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 #if defined(_WIN32) || defined(_WIN64)

@@ -39904,10 +39904,10 @@ __dll_export
        0,
        14,
        1,
-        215,
+        220,
        "", /* pre-release suffix of SemVer
-                                        0.14.1.215 */
-        {"2026-01-01T01:10:47+03:00", "0d2ce6d87b92a6e4230b34454a2285496f8a75f2", "541e81ed1c8e47d5cbdb050a2102263a255002d4", "v0.14.1-215-g541e81ed"},
+                                        0.14.1.220 */
+        {"2026-01-02T23:27:02+03:00", "d490bb4b78537c494ffecf7b31b961c48a715d94", "0f8b288ce9d1e1028f8bb760f5f87eafa8e94bfe", "v0.14.1-220-g0f8b288c"},
        sourcery};

 __dll_export
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026
 /* clang-format off */

-#define MDBX_BUILD_SOURCERY f7f5123962e752f13134b4013b9332f1b311a5f0dd19f3d45ba4e65d806a3545_v0_14_1_215_g541e81ed
+#define MDBX_BUILD_SOURCERY e30d838fb2509384f10339f050c97b34b790926488f78b959203d21608b421aa_v0_14_1_220_g0f8b288c

 #define LIBMDBX_INTERNALS
 #define MDBX_DEPRECATED
@@ -7128,7 +7128,7 @@ MDBX_INTERNAL int walk_tbl(walk_ctx_t *ctx, walk_tbl_t *tbl);
 #pragma warning(pop)
 #endif /* MSVC */
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2020-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2020-2026
 ///
 /// \brief Non-inline part of the libmdbx C++ API
 ///
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ and https://sourcecraft.dev/dqdkfa/libmdbx for the source code.
 \section copyright LICENSE & COPYRIGHT
 \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 \note Please refer to the COPYRIGHT file for explanations license change, credits and acknowledgments.
-\author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+\author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

 *******************************************************************************/

@@ -2538,8 +2538,7 @@ typedef enum MDBX_env_delete_mode {
  /** \brief Make sure that the environment is not being used by other
   * processes, or return an error otherwise. */
  MDBX_ENV_ENSURE_UNUSED = 1,
-  /** \brief Wait until other processes closes the environment before deletion.
-   */
+  /** \brief Wait until other processes closes the environment before deletion. */
  MDBX_ENV_WAIT_FOR_UNUSED = 2,
 } MDBX_env_delete_mode_t;

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2020-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2020-2026
 ///
 /// Donations are welcome to ETH `0xD104d8f8B2dC312aaD74899F83EBf3EEBDC1EA3A`.
 /// Всё будет хорошо!
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026
 ///

 ///
@@ -16,9 +16,9 @@

 #define xMDBX_TOOLS /* Avoid using internal eASSERT() */
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

-#define MDBX_BUILD_SOURCERY f7f5123962e752f13134b4013b9332f1b311a5f0dd19f3d45ba4e65d806a3545_v0_14_1_215_g541e81ed
+#define MDBX_BUILD_SOURCERY e30d838fb2509384f10339f050c97b34b790926488f78b959203d21608b421aa_v0_14_1_220_g0f8b288c

 #define LIBMDBX_INTERNALS
 #define MDBX_DEPRECATED
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 /// \note Please refer to the COPYRIGHT file for explanations license change,
 /// credits and acknowledgments.
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026
 ///
 /// mdbx_copy.c - memory-mapped database backup tool
 ///
@@ -16,9 +16,9 @@

 #define xMDBX_TOOLS /* Avoid using internal eASSERT() */
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

-#define MDBX_BUILD_SOURCERY f7f5123962e752f13134b4013b9332f1b311a5f0dd19f3d45ba4e65d806a3545_v0_14_1_215_g541e81ed
+#define MDBX_BUILD_SOURCERY e30d838fb2509384f10339f050c97b34b790926488f78b959203d21608b421aa_v0_14_1_220_g0f8b288c

 #define LIBMDBX_INTERNALS
 #define MDBX_DEPRECATED
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 /// \note Please refer to the COPYRIGHT file for explanations license change,
 /// credits and acknowledgments.
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2021-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2021-2026
 ///
 /// mdbx_drop.c - memory-mapped database delete tool
 ///
@@ -16,9 +16,9 @@

 #define xMDBX_TOOLS /* Avoid using internal eASSERT() */
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

-#define MDBX_BUILD_SOURCERY f7f5123962e752f13134b4013b9332f1b311a5f0dd19f3d45ba4e65d806a3545_v0_14_1_215_g541e81ed
+#define MDBX_BUILD_SOURCERY e30d838fb2509384f10339f050c97b34b790926488f78b959203d21608b421aa_v0_14_1_220_g0f8b288c

 #define LIBMDBX_INTERNALS
 #define MDBX_DEPRECATED
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 /// \note Please refer to the COPYRIGHT file for explanations license change,
 /// credits and acknowledgments.
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026
 ///
 /// mdbx_dump.c - memory-mapped database dump tool
 ///
@@ -16,9 +16,9 @@

 #define xMDBX_TOOLS /* Avoid using internal eASSERT() */
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

-#define MDBX_BUILD_SOURCERY f7f5123962e752f13134b4013b9332f1b311a5f0dd19f3d45ba4e65d806a3545_v0_14_1_215_g541e81ed
+#define MDBX_BUILD_SOURCERY e30d838fb2509384f10339f050c97b34b790926488f78b959203d21608b421aa_v0_14_1_220_g0f8b288c

 #define LIBMDBX_INTERNALS
 #define MDBX_DEPRECATED
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 /// \note Please refer to the COPYRIGHT file for explanations license change,
 /// credits and acknowledgments.
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026
 ///
 /// mdbx_load.c - memory-mapped database load tool
 ///
@@ -16,9 +16,9 @@

 #define xMDBX_TOOLS /* Avoid using internal eASSERT() */
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

-#define MDBX_BUILD_SOURCERY f7f5123962e752f13134b4013b9332f1b311a5f0dd19f3d45ba4e65d806a3545_v0_14_1_215_g541e81ed
+#define MDBX_BUILD_SOURCERY e30d838fb2509384f10339f050c97b34b790926488f78b959203d21608b421aa_v0_14_1_220_g0f8b288c

 #define LIBMDBX_INTERNALS
 #define MDBX_DEPRECATED
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 /// \note Please refer to the COPYRIGHT file for explanations license change,
 /// credits and acknowledgments.
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026
 ///
 /// mdbx_stat.c - memory-mapped database status tool
 ///
@@ -16,9 +16,9 @@

 #define xMDBX_TOOLS /* Avoid using internal eASSERT() */
 /// \copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2025
+/// \author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> \date 2015-2026

-#define MDBX_BUILD_SOURCERY f7f5123962e752f13134b4013b9332f1b311a5f0dd19f3d45ba4e65d806a3545_v0_14_1_215_g541e81ed
+#define MDBX_BUILD_SOURCERY e30d838fb2509384f10339f050c97b34b790926488f78b959203d21608b421aa_v0_14_1_220_g0f8b288c

 #define LIBMDBX_INTERNALS
 #define MDBX_DEPRECATED
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2020-2026 Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru> ###############################################
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+#
+project(mdbx_ut_and_examples)
+
+add_executable(mdbx_example example-mdbx.c)
+if(NOT DEFINED MDBX_LIBRARY)
+  set(MDBX_LIBRARY mdbx)
+endif()
+target_link_libraries(mdbx_example ${MDBX_LIBRARY})
+
+if(CMAKE_CROSSCOMPILING AND NOT CMAKE_CROSSCOMPILING_EMULATOR)
+  message(WARNING "No emulator to run cross-compiled tests")
+  add_test(NAME fake_since_no_crosscompiling_emulator COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E echo
+                                                              "No emulator to run cross-compiled tests")
+else()
+  add_test(NAME example_c_api COMMAND mdbx_example)
+endif()
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+## Examples & Unit tests
+
+This set of examples will be updated, and most of the examples are also publicly available tests.
+
+### C API
+The [`example-mdbx.c`](example-mdbx.c) is the example of using the C API.
+However, it is strongly recommended to use the modern [C++ API](https://libmdbx.dqdkfa.ru/group__cxx__api.html), which requires less effort
+and insures against many errors related to resource leaks.
+
+### Berkeley DB
+If you have already used Berkeley DB, then it will be useful to make a line-by-line comparison of [`example-mdbx.c`](example-mdbx.c) and the [`sample-bdb.txt`](sample-bdb.txt) file.
@@ -0,0 +1,167 @@
+/* The example of using the libmdbx C API.
+ * However, it is strongly recommended to use the modern C++ API, which requires less effort
+ * and insures against many errors related to resource leaks.
+ *
+ * If you have already used Berkeley DB,
+ * it will be useful to make a line-by-line comparison of this example and the sample-bdb.txt
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Copyright 2015-2026 Leonid Yuriev <leo@yuriev.ru>.
+ * Copyright 2017 Ilya Shipitsin <chipitsine@gmail.com>.
+ * Copyright 2012-2015 Howard Chu, Symas Corp.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted only as authorized by the OpenLDAP
+ * Public License.
+ *
+ * A copy of this license is available in the file LICENSE in the
+ * top-level directory of the distribution or, alternatively, at
+ * <http://www.OpenLDAP.org/license.html>.
+ */
+
+#if (defined(__MINGW__) || defined(__MINGW32__) || defined(__MINGW64__)) && !defined(__USE_MINGW_ANSI_STDIO)
+#define __USE_MINGW_ANSI_STDIO 1
+#endif /* MinGW */
+
+#include "mdbx.h"
+
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+  (void)argc;
+  (void)argv;
+
+  int rc;
+  MDBX_env *env = NULL;
+  MDBX_dbi dbi = 0;
+  MDBX_val key, data;
+  MDBX_txn *txn = NULL;
+  MDBX_cursor *cursor = NULL;
+  char sval[32];
+
+  printf("MDBX limits:\n");
+#if UINTPTR_MAX > 0xffffFFFFul || ULONG_MAX > 0xffffFFFFul
+  const double scale_factor = 1099511627776.0;
+  const char *const scale_unit = "TiB";
+#else
+  const double scale_factor = 1073741824.0;
+  const char *const scale_unit = "GiB";
+#endif
+  const size_t pagesize_min = mdbx_limits_pgsize_min();
+  const size_t pagesize_max = mdbx_limits_pgsize_max();
+  const size_t pagesize_default = mdbx_default_pagesize();
+
+  printf("\tPage size: a power of 2, minimum %zu, maximum %zu bytes,"
+         " default %zu bytes.\n",
+         pagesize_min, pagesize_max, pagesize_default);
+  printf("\tKey size: minimum %zu, maximum ≈¼ pagesize (%zu bytes for default"
+         " %zuK pagesize, %zu bytes for %zuK pagesize).\n",
+         (size_t)0, mdbx_limits_keysize_max(-1, MDBX_DB_DEFAULTS), pagesize_default / 1024,
+         mdbx_limits_keysize_max(pagesize_max, MDBX_DB_DEFAULTS), pagesize_max / 1024);
+  printf("\tValue size: minimum %zu, maximum %zu (0x%08zX) bytes for maps,"
+         " ≈¼ pagesize for multimaps (%zu bytes for default %zuK pagesize,"
+         " %zu bytes for %zuK pagesize).\n",
+         (size_t)0, mdbx_limits_valsize_max(pagesize_min, MDBX_DB_DEFAULTS),
+         mdbx_limits_valsize_max(pagesize_min, MDBX_DB_DEFAULTS), mdbx_limits_valsize_max(-1, MDBX_DUPSORT),
+         pagesize_default / 1024, mdbx_limits_valsize_max(pagesize_max, MDBX_DUPSORT), pagesize_max / 1024);
+  printf("\tWrite transaction size: up to %zu (0x%zX) pages (%f %s for default "
+         "%zuK pagesize, %f %s for %zuK pagesize).\n",
+         mdbx_limits_txnsize_max(pagesize_min) / pagesize_min, mdbx_limits_txnsize_max(pagesize_min) / pagesize_min,
+         mdbx_limits_txnsize_max(-1) / scale_factor, scale_unit, pagesize_default / 1024,
+         mdbx_limits_txnsize_max(pagesize_max) / scale_factor, scale_unit, pagesize_max / 1024);
+  printf("\tDatabase size: up to %zu pages (%f %s for default %zuK "
+         "pagesize, %f %s for %zuK pagesize).\n",
+         mdbx_limits_dbsize_max(pagesize_min) / pagesize_min, mdbx_limits_dbsize_max(-1) / scale_factor, scale_unit,
+         pagesize_default / 1024, mdbx_limits_dbsize_max(pagesize_max) / scale_factor, scale_unit, pagesize_max / 1024);
+  printf("\tMaximum sub-databases: %u.\n", MDBX_MAX_DBI);
+  printf("-----\n");
+
+  rc = mdbx_env_create(&env);
+  if (rc != MDBX_SUCCESS) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "mdbx_env_create: (%d) %s\n", rc, mdbx_strerror(rc));
+    goto bailout;
+  }
+
+  /* This deletion is not necessary, but it has been added here for full reproducibility of the conditions when running
+   * this example again as a simplest test. */
+  rc = mdbx_env_delete("./example-db", MDBX_ENV_JUST_DELETE);
+  if (rc != /* file was successfully deleted */ MDBX_SUCCESS &&
+      rc != /* nothing has been done because the file is missing */ MDBX_RESULT_TRUE) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "mdbx_env_delete: (%d) %s\n", rc, mdbx_strerror(rc));
+    goto bailout;
+  }
+
+  rc = mdbx_env_open(env, "./example-db", MDBX_NOSUBDIR | MDBX_LIFORECLAIM, 0664);
+  if (rc != MDBX_SUCCESS) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "mdbx_env_open: (%d) %s\n", rc, mdbx_strerror(rc));
+    goto bailout;
+  }
+
+  rc = mdbx_txn_begin(env, NULL, 0, &txn);
+  if (rc != MDBX_SUCCESS) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "mdbx_txn_begin: (%d) %s\n", rc, mdbx_strerror(rc));
+    goto bailout;
+  }
+  rc = mdbx_dbi_open(txn, NULL, 0, &dbi);
+  if (rc != MDBX_SUCCESS) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "mdbx_dbi_open: (%d) %s\n", rc, mdbx_strerror(rc));
+    goto bailout;
+  }
+
+  key.iov_len = sizeof(int);
+  key.iov_base = sval;
+  data.iov_len = sizeof(sval);
+  data.iov_base = sval;
+
+  snprintf(sval, sizeof(sval), "%03x %d foo bar", 32, 3141592);
+  rc = mdbx_put(txn, dbi, &key, &data, 0);
+  if (rc != MDBX_SUCCESS) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "mdbx_put: (%d) %s\n", rc, mdbx_strerror(rc));
+    goto bailout;
+  }
+  rc = mdbx_txn_commit(txn);
+  if (rc) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "mdbx_txn_commit: (%d) %s\n", rc, mdbx_strerror(rc));
+    goto bailout;
+  }
+  txn = NULL;
+
+  rc = mdbx_txn_begin(env, NULL, MDBX_TXN_RDONLY, &txn);
+  if (rc != MDBX_SUCCESS) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "mdbx_txn_begin: (%d) %s\n", rc, mdbx_strerror(rc));
+    goto bailout;
+  }
+  rc = mdbx_cursor_open(txn, dbi, &cursor);
+  if (rc != MDBX_SUCCESS) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "mdbx_cursor_open: (%d) %s\n", rc, mdbx_strerror(rc));
+    goto bailout;
+  }
+
+  int found = 0;
+  while ((rc = mdbx_cursor_get(cursor, &key, &data, MDBX_NEXT)) == 0) {
+    printf("key: %p %.*s, data: %p %.*s\n", key.iov_base, (int)key.iov_len, (char *)key.iov_base, data.iov_base,
+           (int)data.iov_len, (char *)data.iov_base);
+    found += 1;
+  }
+  if (rc != MDBX_NOTFOUND || found == 0) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "mdbx_cursor_get: (%d) %s\n", rc, mdbx_strerror(rc));
+    goto bailout;
+  } else {
+    rc = MDBX_SUCCESS;
+  }
+bailout:
+  if (cursor)
+    mdbx_cursor_close(cursor);
+  if (txn)
+    mdbx_txn_abort(txn);
+  if (dbi)
+    mdbx_dbi_close(env, dbi);
+  if (env)
+    mdbx_env_close(env);
+  return (rc != MDBX_SUCCESS) ? EXIT_FAILURE : EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}